Series and parallel circuits

Series: a circuit in which resistors are arranged the same, so that the current only has one path to take.
Equation: R(total)=R1+R2...
Parallel: a circuit in which resistors are arranged with their heads connected together and their tails connected together. 
Equation: 1/R(total) = 1/R1+1/R2... 

The picture above, although it may not be an original picture, I feel like it ideally depicts exactly what a series diagram is because it shows the pathway that the current flows on. It also shows that as the energy flows to each lightbulb, each one of them get dimmer as the current goes on. 

I know it may be hard to understand exactly what is going on in this picture, considering how small my TV is and how far away it is from the light, but the point of this picture is to show you how parallel circuits work. Without parallel circuits, my TV being on along with the light in my room at the same time would not be as bright as they are in this picture. This is because with the parallel circuits, current has more than one way it can flow, making it easier for the power to get to more than one thing at once. Thus making it possible for both my TV and light to be on at the same time without either one being inefficient or dim. 

Ohm's Law, Power, Applications in Real Life

Ohm's Law: states the during the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the potential difference across two points. Basically, saying that current is inversely related to voltage and resistance. Ohm's are also the units for resistors. 

Equation: I=V/R

Power: the amount of energy consumed per unit time. The unit of power is amp.

Equation: P=W/t

The picture you see above is a prime example of Ohm's law because it shows what the product of Ohm's law is. The calculator you see above is powered by batteries, connected to those batteries are wires that are all connected onto a control panel that trigger different signs and signals to make different numbers and functions appear on the screen of the calculator. The battery source provides voltage, the amount of battery source that is required to run the calculator is the power used. 

What is Electricity?

Electricity

Electricity: a form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles (such as electrons and protons), either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current. 

Example: 

Importance of Electricity: Electricity is essential the energy that runs the earth. From the wheels that turn in our brains to the energy needed to run the lives we leave today. 
Electrical Current: Electrical Current is the flow of electric charges, usually carried by moving electrons in a wire. 

The picture above (and yes i did get it from the internet...sorry Mr. Blake) is multiple examples of current in different situations. 

Electrical Resistance: is an electric quantity that measures how the device or material reduces the electric current flow through it. The equation is R= p x l/A (Resistance = the resistivity x the length of the conductor / the cross sectional area of the conductor). Units are ohms.  

Capacitance in Everyday Life

Capacitance

Capacitance is the property of an electric nonconductor that permits the storage of energy as a result of the separation of charge that occurs when opposite surfaces of the nonconductor are maintained at a difference of potential. And yes I know, that is an unnecessarily long and confusing definition of a capacitor. So to sum it up, a capacitor is basically a converter of energy that can take electrons from a battery, then when it reaches its capacity, it stops receiving charge. If the battery is then replaced by a wire, or conductor, the capacitor will generate energy into whatever it is powering until charges are even. 

Equations: E= 2k(pie)J/ J= Q/A

Picture: The picture above is a diagram of a conductor and how it works. In this picture we can see how the capacitor takes the energy from the battery, while the battery is still charging the lightbulb, it is also charging the capacitor. However, if the battery was removed and replaced with a different conductor the capacitor would suffice as an energy source. Large capacitors can hold much larger amounts of energy that takes the place of batteries.