Capacitance
Capacitance is the property of an electric nonconductor that permits the storage of energy as a result of the separation of charge that occurs when opposite surfaces of the nonconductor are maintained at a difference of potential. And yes I know, that is an unnecessarily long and confusing definition of a capacitor. So to sum it up, a capacitor is basically a converter of energy that can take electrons from a battery, then when it reaches its capacity, it stops receiving charge. If the battery is then replaced by a wire, or conductor, the capacitor will generate energy into whatever it is powering until charges are even.
Equations: E= 2k(pie)J/ J= Q/A
Picture: The picture above is a diagram of a conductor and how it works. In this picture we can see how the capacitor takes the energy from the battery, while the battery is still charging the lightbulb, it is also charging the capacitor. However, if the battery was removed and replaced with a different conductor the capacitor would suffice as an energy source. Large capacitors can hold much larger amounts of energy that takes the place of batteries.
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